1/2 Daalder 'Philipsdaalder' - Philip II

Guelders had been under Habsburg control since Charles V forced Duke Charles of Egmond's succession out in 1543, absorbing the duchy into the Low Countries. These half-philipsdaalders were struck under Philip II's authority at the Nijmegen mint during a period of escalating tension that would break into open revolt — the Dutch Revolt began in earnest in 1568, meaning the later dates of this issue were produced while Alba's Council of Blood was actively executing nobles and suppressing dissent across the same territory where the coins circulated.

The multiple Delmonte and Vanhoudt references reflect genuine die variation across the emission, not cataloging redundancy.