1/2 Barbuda - Fernando I Lisboa mint

The barbuda coinage of Fernando I emerged from a reign defined by catastrophic military overreach — three wars against Castile between 1369 and 1382 that left the Portuguese treasury drained and the currency debased progressively throughout. This half denomination was struck in Lisbon as the silver content of Fernando's billon issues declined across the reign, a fiscal consequence of sustained warfare rather than administrative policy.

Fernando died in 1383 without a legitimate male heir, triggering the succession crisis resolved at Aljubarrota in 1385. Coins from his reign circulated into a politically chaotic interregnum.