1 000 euros Austerlitz

Issued to mark the 220th anniversary of the Battle of Austerlitz, fought on December 2, 1805 — Napoleon's tactical masterpiece, in which the Grande Armée destroyed a combined Russo-Austrian force roughly one-third larger than itself in under nine hours. The Monnaie de Paris has produced a string of Napoleonic commemoratives over recent decades, but Austerlitz carries particular institutional weight: the battle's immediate aftermath included the Treaty of Pressburg, which effectively dissolved the Holy Roman Empire within months.